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1. Journal of Tissue Research Vol. 4 (1) 71-74 (2004)
Effect of immuneactivator (poly I:C) on the rat cerebral cortex
Patro, N. and Patro, I. K.
Neuroscience Centre, School of Studies in Zoology, Jiwaji University, Gwalior-474 011 India. E-mail: ishanpatro@rediffmail.com; neurons@sancharnet.in
Abstract: A pilot study was undertaken to investigate if Poly I:C, a potent IFN-gamma inducer, can initiate microglial proliferation and activation in cerebral cortex of rats. Poly I:C was infused into the left lateral ventricle of rats and the cortical samples were examined on 1, 2, 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days post-injection to examine the possible changes in microglia and astrocytes. A multifold increase in microglial population and morphological transformation to various activated and phagocytic stages could be recorded. This was achieved by use of anti-Iba-1 antibody. Similar changes in astrocytes could also be observed using anti-GFAP antibody. If this induction of microglial activation could influence neuronal degeneration was examined using Fluoro-Jade fluorescence. By 21 days post infusion cortical neurons could be recorded to take up the fluorochrome that selectively binds to the degenerating neurons. Findings in the present study calls for immediate attention in the immunological changes in the microglial population and whether the neuronal degeneration is necrotic or apoptotic.
Key words: Astrocytes, Microglia, Poly I:C, Cerebral cortex,
2. Journal of Tissue Research Vol. 4 (1) 75-81 (2004)
Myelin degeneration vis-a-vis inhibition of myelin marker enzyme, CNPase, in the central nervous system of methyl-mercury intoxicated mice and protection during therapy
Sood, P.P., Vijayalakshmi, K., Bapu, C., Chundawat, R.S. and Tyagi, S.
Laboratory on Neurobiology and Toxicology, Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University,
Rajkot-360 005 India. E-mail: ppsood@yahoo.com
Abstract: Myelin marker enzyme, 2',3' cyclic nucleotide 3' phosphohydrolase (CNPase), has been found to be inhibited during myelin degeneration in the central nervous system of the mice intoxicated with methylmercury. However, during B vitamin and glutathione therapies (ether alone or in combination), a significant recovery of enzyme is accomplished with myelin regeneration in all parts of brain. Four groups of young healthy mice were intoxicated with a daily dose (1mg/Kg) of methylmercury by intramuscular injections for 7 days. One group was kept with out intoxication for another 7 days and sacrificed on 15th day. Rest of the groups were given vitamin B complex or glutathione or their combination for next 7 days and sacrificed along with control. The brain and spinal cord of these animals were studied by electron microscopic and biochemical parameters. It appears that mercury deposition in CNS inhibits the enzyme, CNPase, leading to myelin degeneration and during therapy when metal burden is reduced there is a quick recovery in both the parameters.
Key words: Myelin degeneration, CNPase inhibition, Protection
3. Journal of Tissue Research Vol. 4 (1) 83-88 (2004)
Effect of autonomic and adrenal manipulation on the serum insulin level in rats
Pilo, B. and Yadav, V.
Division of Neuroendocrinology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara-390 002 India. Email: bonnypilo@satyam.net.in
Abstract: Mammalian glucose homoeostasis is partially controlled by glucose sensor mechanisms in the pancreatic endocrine cells and partially through autonomic nerves. The influence of the autonomic nervous system on pancreatic insulin secretion has been studied in the present study. Vagal sectioning decreased serum insulin significantly compared to that of the sham operated rats which could be the reason for the resulting hyperglycaemic condition prevailed in these rats. Bilateral adrenalectomy and chemical sympathectomy singly increased insulin level to the same extent. Even, when vagotomy was performed together with adrenalectomy, insulin level declined but this decrease is not as significant as that in vagotomized rats. Similar result was obtained with rat treated for chemical sympathectomy and vagotomy together and this slight decrease in insulin level could favour marginal hyperglycaemia.
Key words: Vagotomy, Adrenalectomy, Chemical sympathectomy, Insulin
4. Journal of Tissue Research Vol. 4 (1) 89-94 (2004)
Interactions of autonomic nervous system, pituitary-adrenocortical axis and corticotrophin and cortico-sterone in the regulation of blood sugar level in rats
Pilo, B. and Sule, J.
Division of Neuroendocrinology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara-390 002 India. E-mail: bonnypilo@satyam.net.in
Abstract: Autonomic nervous system together with endocrine glands plays in an intricate manner a significant role in the regulation of glucose homoeostasis. The two divisions of autonomic nervous system have opposing actions while several hormones have similar antagonistic actions. The interplay of all these neural and endocrine regulatory mechanisms and the balance of the actions of them finally fine tune the glycaemic level during various physiological states. Many times the action one autonomic system or a hormone depends upon the presence or absence of the opposing factor. The present study presents an account of the effect of autonomic nervous system and adrenal ablations on the corticosterone and corticotrophin (ACTH). Vagotomy (VGX) showed an increase in the corticosterone level whereas ACTH concentration in the serum decreased. In the adrenalectomized rats, a steep decline in corticosterone concentration in serum was accompanied with an increased ACTH level. In the rats which were adrenalectomized and vagotomized together, a similar trend was observed. Chemical sympathectomy (CSX) reduced the corticosterone concentration slightly but the ACTH level increased significantly. When sympathectomy was combined with vagotomy (CSX+VGX) an increase in both corticosterone and ACTH levels was observed. Chemical sympathectomy and adrenalectomy (CSX+ADX) also produced a maximum decrease in corticosterone level and a maximum level of ACTH. Vagotomy (VGX) alone or together with CSX or ADX produced hyperglycaemia while chemical sympathectomy alone or together with adrenalectomy produced hypoglycaemia. In conclusion it could be stated that in rats in which vagotomy was performed singly and in combination with sympathectomy, glucocorticoid secretion increased along with increased corticosterone. Chemical sympathectomy alone or together with adrenalectomy reduced the corticosterone concentration in blood together with hypoglycaemic condition. ACTH concentration by and large was more when corticosterone secretion wasdecreased.
Key words: Chemical sympathectomy, Vagotomy, Guanethidine, Corticosterone, ACTH, Blood sugar
5. Journal of Tissue Research Vol. 4 (1) 95-100 (2004)
Combined administration of thiol chelators on arsenic mobilization and tissue oxidative stress in chronic arsenic exposed male rats
Bhadauria, S. and Flora, S.J.S.
Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Defence Research and Development Establishment, Jhansi Road, Gwalior-474 002 India. Email: sjsflora@hotmail.com
Abstract: Arsenic contamination in natural water is a worldwide problem and has been reported in recent years from several parts of the world including India. Despite many years of research we are still far from an effective treatment of chronic arsenicosis. Some of the conventional chelating agents have recently been found to be ineffective in treating chronic arsenic poisoning. The present study was planned to investigate if co-administration of thiol chelators like meso 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) or sodium 2,3-dimercaptoprpane 1-sulfonate (DMPS) along-with a newly developed thiol chelators, monoisoamyl DMSA is more beneficial than monotherapy with these chelators, in counteracting chronic arsenic toxicity. Animals were exposed to 10-ppm arsenic in drinking water for 6 months and subsequently treated with two course of 5 days chelation with DMSA, DMPS (0.3 mg/kg, i.p., once daily), or MiADMSA (0.1 mmole/kg, i.p., once daily) either individually or in combination. The effects of these treatments in influencing arsenic induced alterations in haem synthesis, hepatic, renal or brain oxidative stress and arsenic concentration from soft tissues were investigated. Exposure to arsenic produced a significant inhibition of blood d-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) activity, reduction in glutathione (GSH) and an increase in zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP) suggesting altered haem synthesis pathway. Only DMPS was able to increase the activity of ALAD while, both DMSA and MiADMSA were able to moderately increase GSH level towards normal. Marginal beneficial effect of combined treatment over the individual treatment on these parameters was noted. Combined treatment with DMSA and MiADMSA or DMSA and DMPS was most effective in significantly reducing the alterations in some of the biochemical parameters indicative of tissue oxidative stress. The data also provided a promising role of combination treatment in potentiating the depletion of blood, liver, kidney and brain arsenic compared to monotherapy with these thiols. It can be concluded from the study that concomitant administration of DMSA, an extracellularly distributed chelators with a lipophilic chelators like MiADMSA, could play a significant and important role in abating number of toxic effects of arsenic in animals compared to treatment with these chelators alone..
Key words: Oxidative stress, Arsenic level,
6. Journal of Tissue Research Vol. 4 (1) 101-108 (2004)
Dose and route related effects of mono isoamyl 2, 3- dimercapto- succinic acid in male and female guinea pigs
Mehta, A., Kannan, G.M., Pant, S.C., Dube, S.N. and Flora, S.J.S.
Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Defence Research and Development Establishment, Jhansi Road, Gwalior-474 002 India. E-mail: sjsflora@hotmail.com
Abstract: It is well known that different species have different resistance to the same compound. In the present study, an attempt was made to compare the dose dependent effects of mono isoamyl 2, 3 dimercaptosuccinic acid (MiADMSA), a thiol metal chelating drug, through intraperitoneal administration in male and female guinea pigs. Effects of MiADMSA on various biochemical parameters suggestive of alterations in heme biosynthesis, hepatic, renal and brain biochemical variables after 21 days of repeated intraperitoneal administration to both male and female guinea pigs were studied. Essential metal concentrations in blood and soft tissues was also determined along with histopathological observations of hepatic and renal tissues. The results suggest no marked effect of MiADMSA on heme biosynthesis. However, moderate signs of hepatic lesions, based on specific biochemical indices supported by histopathological observations, were noted. There was a significant loss of copper and calcium following MiADMSA administration in both male and female guinea pigs. Interestingly, females showed more sensitivity/ susceptibility to MiADMSA compared to males.
Key words: Monoisoamyl DMSA, Essential metals, Biochemical, Histopathological
7. Journal of Tissue Research Vol. 4 (1) 109-112 (2004)
Allatostatin-like immunoreactivity in the giant neurosecretory cell and its axons on the haltere nerve of the flesh fly Sarcophaga bullata
Sivasubramanian, P. and Sood, P.P
Department of Biology, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, Canada, E3B 6E1.
E-mail:psivasub@unb.ca
Abstract: Using indirect immunofluorescent method, the distribution of insect neuropeptide, allatostatin was examined in the peripheral nervous system of the fly, Sarcophaga bullata. On each haltere nerve there was a single giant neurosecretory cell that was strongly immunopositive against allatostatin. The axonal reaction was beaded suggesting the presence of allatostatin in synapses. Its highly immunoreactive axonal arborizations around the haltere nerve suggest important role for this neuropeptide in thesynaptic transmission in crucial sense organ regulating flight in Diptera.
Key words: Allatostatin, Immunoreactivity, Neurosecretory cell, Axons, Sarcophaga bullata.
8. Journal of Tissue Research Vol. 4 (1) 113-115 (2004)
Antioxidant effect of Mandukparni (Centella asiatica) on cerebellum and spinal cord of ageing rats
Chaudhary, A., Sharma R.K. and Saini, K.
Dept. of Zoology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra 136119. E-mail: zool@granth.kuk.ernet.in
Abstract: Centella asiatica Linn (Mandukparni, Umbelliferace), an Ayurvedic rasayana, has been in use since prehistoric times for memory enhancing, epilepsy, wound healing, insomnia and abdominal disorders. The dysfunction of brain, apoptosis, cancer and ageing are largely due to accumulation of free radicals, which may be due to overproduction or poor scavenging by antioxidants. The purpose of the study was to determine the antioxidantal property of this rasayana in central nervous system during aging. Intraperitonialy (i.p.) administration of Centella asiatica extract in different doses (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 ml) to aged male rats for 30 days showed an increase of enzymes, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase and decrease of malondialdehyde content in cerebellum and spinal cord. This information's clearly indicate that mandukparni is an excellent antioxidant as it reduces lipid peroxidation during ageing.
Key words: Antioxidant, Mandukparni, Ageing
9. Journal of Tissue Research Vol. 4 (1) 117-120 (2004)
Antibacterial activity of some medicinal plants of Saurashtra region
Nair, R. and Chanda, S. V.
Dept. of Biosciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot 360005 India. E-mail: sumitrachanda@yahoo.com
Abstract: Aqueous crude extracts of 10 traditionally used medicinal plants (Adhatoda vasica, Ailanthus excelsa, Clerodendron inermi, Lawsonia inermis, Moringa oleifera, Nerium oleander, Punica granatum, Clitoria ternata, Dodonea viscosa, Zea mays, Tinospora cordifolia, Citrus aurantifolia, Bryophylum pinnatum, Aegle marmelos, Vinca rosea, Commiphora wightii, Rosa species, Raphanus sativus, Aster species., Lavendula aromatica, Maytenus emarginata and Pedalium murex) were screened for antibacterial activity against few clinical isolates (isolated from Urine, Blood, Tracheal secretion and Pus). Extracts of certain parts of these plants were tried on 6 pathogenic [E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus vulgaris, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella paratyphiB and Staphylococcus aureus.] and 4 Opportunistic pathogenic [Staphylococcus epidermidis, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus subtilis and Enterobacter aerogenes] strains. The antibacterial activity of above plants was evaluated by the Disc Diffusion method and Agar Ditch method. Punica granatum showed strong activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus megaterium but showed moderate activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Alcoholic extracts of Punica granatum was selected for further studies.
Key words: Medicinal plants, Antibacterial activity, Organic plant extracts
10. Journal of Tissue Research Vol. 4 (1) 121-125 (2004)
Effects of orally administered potassium dichromate in reproductive and non-reproductive tissues of female rats
Rao, M.V., Chawla, S.L., Damore, D. and Darji, J.
Reproductive Endocrinology and Toxicology Unit, Department of Zoology, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad-380 009, India. E-mail: zooldeptgu@satyam.net.in
Abstract: Effect of oral administration of potassium dichromate at 5 and 10 mg/ kg body weight daily for 30 days was investigated in reproductive organs and liver of adult female rats. The results revealed that in ovary, protein, cholesterol and ascorbic acid were decreased. Similarly in uterus, proteins and lipid levels were significantly declined with an increase in its glycogen levels. However, increased glycogen levels in the liver with a concomitant decline in phosphorylase indicated carbohydrate metabolic defect in these tissues as a result of chromium poisoning. This is further evidenced by a reduction in the activity of succinate dehydrogenase in the liver. Elevation in serum transaminase levels with a reduction in cholesterol also indicated the liver toxicity. Moreover, blood cell counts were also altered. These results clearly revealed the toxicity of potassium dichromate in reproductive organs and liver in female rats which may probably be due to the metal accumulation in these tissues.
Key words: Potassium dichromate, Reproductive tissues, Liver, Blood
11. Journal of Tissue Research Vol. 4 (1) 127-129 (2004)
Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of isozymes for identification of hybrid and parents of castor
Bhatt, A. and Saxena, O.P.
Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Tissue Culture, Department of Botany, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad-380 009 India. E-mail: opsaxena9@hotmail.com
Abstract: A study was undertaken with the objective to distinguish castor hybrid GCH-4 from its parents VP-1 and 48-1. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) of esterase and glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) isozyme profiles from 7 days old seedlings was performed. The technique can serve as a supplement, if not a substitute, to field test in determining the genetic purity of castor.
Key words: Isozymes, Hybrid, Parents, Castor.
12. Journal of Tissue Research Vol. 4 (1) 131-136 (2004)
Vitamin E ameliorates aflatoxin-induced hyperglycaemia in mice
Verma, R.J. and Nair, A.
Department of Zoology, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad-380 009 India
E-mail: ramtejverma2000@yahoo.com
Abstract: Oral administration of 25 and 50 mg of aflatoxin/animal/day for 45 days caused a significant dose-dependent rise in blood glucose concentration in mice as compared with vehicle administer control. It could be due to significant rise in phosphorylase activity and reduced glycogen content both in the liver and skeletal muscle of aflatoxin-treated mice. Treatment for 45 days also caused a significant dose-dependent reduction in body weight as compared to control. Reduction in DNA, RNA and protein contents were also observed during intoxication, which could be due to formation of aflatoxin adduct. Activities of succinic dehydrogenase and adenosine triphosphatase (in skeletal muscle) were significantly reduced in a dose-dependent manner, however, acid phosphatase activity in liver and SGOT and SGPT activity in serum were significantly higher in aflatoxin-treated mice. Vitamin E (2 mg/animal/day) pre-treatment to low dose treated groups significantly ameliorated aflatoxin- induced changes, and the data were almost comparable with the controls. However, the therapy to high dose treated groups was not much successful as most of the recoveries were partial and the values were still significantly lower than the controls. It is concluded that vitamin E pre-treatment was successful only in low dose aflatoxin treated mice.
Key words: Aflatoxin, Vitamin E, Hyperglycaemia
13. Journal of Tissue Research Vol. 4 (1) 137-141 (2004)
Substance P in attenuation of stress induced behavioral despair and catecholamine deficits
Vij, A.G., Satija, N.K., Mathur, R. and Flora, S.J.S.
Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied sciences, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi-110 054 India.
E-mail: anjanavij@hotmail.com
Abstract: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of peripheral administration of neuropeptide substance P (SP) on behavioral and neurochemical response to acute stress. Adult male albino rats, pre-trained on Morris Water Maze (MWM) were co-exposed to multiple stressors, namely immobilization, shock (3 sessions of 5 min each, 10 hz, 5sec, 0.24 Amp.), vibration (40 cps on an angular platform at an angle of 150), light flashes (6 sessions of 5 bursts of 10,000 lux) and noise (95-103 dBA) for 30 min daily for four days following single intra-peritoneal injection of saline or SP (125 or 250 mg/kg/bw). Behavioral measures were carried out daily for three days prior and after the stress exposure. All the rats were sacrificed on the fourth day immediately after 30-minute stress exposure along with the saline injected non-stressed rats and catecholamine levels, metabolites and enzymes involved in their synthesis and deamination assayed. The findings show that animals exposed to stress were hypo kinetic and took more time to locate the platform whereas the animals receiving SP, displayed neither the stress induced hypokinesia nor behavioral deficits in acquisition scores on MWM performance. Pre-treatment with SP abolished peripheral as well as cerebral depletion of norepinephrine in stress exposed rats and increased cerebral as well as adrenal dopamine levels. The results suggest that stress-reducing effect of SP may be mediated by activation of catecholaminergic synthesis and/or inhibition of catecholamine degradation.
Key words: Substance P, Stress, Behavioral Deficits, Catecholamines
14. Journal of Tissue Research Vol. 4 (1) 143-145 (2004)
Somatic embryogenesis in different varieties of Carica papaya L.
Saha, M., Phatak, A. and Chandra, N.
Department of Botany, Birla College, Kalyan-421 304 India. E-mail: nsenvbirla04@rediffmail.com
Abstract: In vitro culture study viz. somatic embryogenesis was attempted on petiole explants of two-month-old seedlings (regenerated in vitro) in Carica papaya L. cultivars Co-5, Pusa Dwarf, Red Lady and Washington. Somatic embryos were obtained from the petiole explants in Carica papaya L. cultivars Co-5, Pusa Dwarf and Washington, but not from cultivar Red Lady. Somatic embryos of cultivars Co-5, Pusa Dwarf and Washington inoculated on MS medium fortified with ABA (1 mg-l) showed germination. The plantlets were maintained in the hardening chamber on vermiculite for 4 weeks and in the green house on soil: vermiculite: cow-dung (1:1:1) for 4 weeks.
Key words: Somatic embryogenesis, Carica papaya L, Petiole
15. Journal of Tissue Research Vol. 4 (1) 147-151 (2004)
Melatonin protects sulphur mustard induced oxidative stress in mice
Pant, S.C., Vijayaraghavan, R., Rao, P.V.L. and Singh, M.
Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Defence Research and Development Establishment, Jhansi Road, Gwalior-474 002 India. Email: scpant56@rediffmail.com
Abstract: Sulphur mustard bis (2-chloroethyl) sulphide (SM), a bifunctional alkylating agent, has been frequently used as a chemical warfare agent. Present study was designed to investigate the protective efficacy of melatonin (MLT) on some biochemical and histological parameters in mice, treated with Sulphur mustard, 19.33 mg/kg, sc, over a period of fourteen days. Female albino mice were treated with sulphur mustard, melatonin or melatonin plus sulphur mustard. Melatonin was given 100 mg/kg, ip, 30 min prior and 24 hr following SM treatment for four days. Animals were sacrificed on day 7th and day 14th post treatment. Blood, liver and lung tissues were prepared for biochemical analysis and visceral organs were processed for histopathological evaluation. Exposure of SM resulted in a significant depletion of blood, liver and pulmonary glutathione (GSH) and an elevation of hepatic and pulmonary oxidized glutathione (GSSG). These biochemical changes were accompanied by number of histopathological alterations. The most prominent among them included congestion and degeneration in viscera and obliteration of chromatin material. Lung, liver and renal parenchyma showed granulovacuolar degeneration and perinuclear clumping of the cytoplasm indicating decreased protein synthesis. Histopathological splenic lesions displayed a pattern of vascular congestion and accumulation of megakaryocytes. On 7th day, these biochemical and histopathological changes were relatively less marked in animals administered with melatonin and blocked their further progression on 14th day following by SM treatment indicating protective efficacy of the melatonin against SM induced oxidative injury in mice.
Key words: - Sulphur mustard, Melatonin, Histopathology, Antioxidant
16. Journal of Tissue Research Vol. 4 (1) 153-156 (2004)
Alterations in carbohydrate metabolism and pancreatic islet responses in pigeons treated with pineal indoles and p-chloro phenylalanine
Patel, C.S., Jani, J.R., Singh, D. and Ramachandran, A.V.
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, M.S. University of Baroda, Vadodara -390002 Gujarat.
E-mail: av_rama@rediffmail.com
Abstract: The impact of pineal indoles (melatonin-M; methoxytryptophol-ML; methoxytryptamine-MT) and pCPA (P-chloro phenylalanine) on carbohydrate metabolism in terms of hepatic and muscle glycogen contents, hepatic phosphorylase and G-6-P'ase and blood glucose level and pancreatic islet functions have been studied in the feral pigeon, Columba livia during the recrudescent phase. Treatments with M and pCPA, induced hypoglycemia and the tissue glycogen depletion: however, ML and MT treatments induced hyperglycemia and tissue glycogen deposition. Hepatic phosphorylase and G-6-P'ase activity increased with M treatment and decreased with ML, MT and pCPA. Pancreatic islet showed a cell degranulation with M, B cell degranulation with pCPA and increased granulation with both ML & MT treatments. These results have been taken to indicate definite influence of pineal and pineal indoles on carbohydrate metabolism by way of their influence on pancreatic hormone secretion and tissue sensitivity to them.
Key words: Pineal, Indoles, P-chloro phenylalanine, Carbohydrate metabolism.
17. Journal of Tissue Research Vol. 4 (1) 157-159 (2004)
Photoperiod-adrenal interactions on carbohydrate metabolism in the feral pigeon during the recrudescent phase
Patel, C.S., Adi, N.C. and Ramachandran, A.V.
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, M.S. University of Baroda, Vadodara-390002 Gujarat.
E-mail: av_rama@rediffmail.com
Abstract: The possible influence of photoperiodism on carbohydrate metabolism has been evaluated in the feral pigeons. Both Dexamethasone (DXM) and Corticosterone (CORT) treated pigeons were exposed to NDL or LD 18:6 photoperiodic schedules and their tissue glycogen contents, blood glucose and hepatic phosphorylase and G-6-P'ase activity assayed. Both DXM & Corticosterone treatment increased tissue glycogen content under both photic schedules. Plasma glucose level increased under LD 18:6 while, CORT treatment decreased and, DXM treatment increased further the glycemic level under both photic schedules. The activity of hepatic phosphorylase decreased in all experimental birds while that of G-6-P'ase increased. From the results it can be concluded that gonadal recrudescence induces depletion of tissue glycogen content and hyperglycemic, which are potentiated by long photic schedule. Chronic adreno-cortical suppression or activation has differential effects on glycemic status probably through their action on glucoregulatory center or by the altering mechanism involved in glucose absorption, uptake and utilization.
Key words: Dexamethasone, Corticosterone, Photoperiodism, Metabolism, Adrenal.
18. Journal of Tissue Research Vol. 4 (1) 161-163 (2004)
Hair structure is an ideal criterion to identify various species of genus Panthera
Soni, V.C., Ashalatadevi, Y. and Nishith, D.
Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot-360005 India.
E-mail: sonivc2003@yahoo.co.in
Abstract: The hair of three species of genus Panthera, viz. P. pardus, P. leo persica, and P. tigris have been investigated. The study shows that the medullary configuration is an ideal character, which could be useful for hair identification. However, from the combination of characters like scale pattern, scale margin structure, scale distance and medullary configuration of the guard hair, all the three species can be easily identified.
Key words: Hair structure, Genus Panthera
19. Journal of Tissue Research Vol. 4 (1) 165-178 (2004)
Physiology and biochemistry of lignin degradation by white-rot fungi
Christian, V., Shrivastava, R., Modi, H.A. and Vyas, B.R.M.
Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot-360 005 India.
E-mail: brmvyas@hotmail.com
Review Article
20. Journal of Tissue Research Vol. 4 (1) 179 (2004)
Vitamins and thiols reinstate chromium retarded growth in developing chick
Chundawat, R.S.
Laboratory on Neurobiology and Toxicology, Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot-360 005 India. E-mail: rchundawat@yahoo.com
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