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1.Journal of Cell and Tissue Research 18(1): 6335-6343 (2018)
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Nanotechnology-based precision tools for the targeted therapy of triple negative breast cancer:
A review
Kalyane, D., Maheshwari, R., Tekade, R.K. and Kalia, K.
National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) – Ahmedabad, Opposite Air Force Station Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355 India. E. mail: kirankalia@gmail.com, Phone: 079-6674550
Abstract: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a biologically aggressive and an immunopathological subtype of breast cancer that is characterized by absence expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors (ER/PR) and amplification of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) gene. Because of this, patients with TNBC do not benefit from hormonal or trastuzumab-based treatment strategies, which strongly demand the development of alternative and innovative treatment strategies. Other available approaches such as chemotherapy mainly lack the specificity which generates severe side effects regarding toxicity. Therefore, the development of targeted treatments, as well as early diagnosis is vital to ensure an adequate and timely therapeutic intervention in patients with TNBC. Recent years have witnessed an exceptional advancement in the development of nanotechnology-based approaches to tackle advanced tumors including TNBC. This article expounds latest nanotechnology-based precision tools that are employed to treat TNBC viz smart nanoparticles, liposomes, dendrimers, solid lipid nanoparticles and carbon-based nanomaterials, etc. and also provides a comprehensive outlook on emerging nano-based approaches that are under preclinical and clinical testing for the early diagnosis and theragnosis of TNBC along with their regulatory status.
Key words: Triple-negative breast cancer,Nanotechnology-based approaches
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2. Journal of Cell and Tissue Research 18(1): 6345-6354 (2018)
Sleep deprivation: neurological consequences and effects of rehabilitation: A review
Bhatnagar, M. and Chittora, R.
Rtd. Professor and Dean, Faculty of Science, M.L.S. University, Udaipur-313001 (Rajsthan);
Department of Biotechnology, M.L.S. University, Udaipur-313001 (Rajsthan).
Abstract: Sleep is a global state, the control mechanisms of which are manifested at every level of biological organization, from genes and intracellular mechanisms to networks of cell populations, and to all central neuronal systems at the organismic level, including those that control movement, arousal, autonomic functions, behavior and cognition. For the maintenance of good health quality of sleep is a vital physiological process. Sleep is needed to regenerate certain parts of the body, mainly the brain, so that it may continue to function optimally. Several studies indicate that sleep and rehabilitation after long term sleep deprivation facilitates memory consolidation.
Key words: Sleep deprivation, Neurological Consequences, Rehabilitation
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3. Journal of Cell and Tissue Research 18(1): 6355-6360 (2018)
Key factors associated with cancer progression: A review
Singh, S. and Flora, S.J.S.
National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research , Shree Bhawani Paper Mill Road,
ITI compound, Raebareli 229010 (U.P.). E. mail: sanjivpg2006@gmail.com
Abstract: Cancer is the continual unregulated proliferation of cells mainly due to changes in fundamental functioning of cell. In place of responding normally to the signals that control normal cell behaviour, cells in cancers condition grow and divide in an uncontrolled manner, invading normal tissues and organs and eventually spreading throughout the body. There are numerous factor involved in development of pathological condition of cancer and conversion of normal cells into cancers cells like reactive oxygen species (ROS), apoptosis, NF-kB, autophagy, immunity, metabolism etc. In this review we have discussed the involvement of various key factor that control the growth of cancers cell and responsible for pathological condition of cancer.
Key words: Cancer, Autophagy, NF-kB, Immunity
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4. Journal of Cell and Tissue Research 18(1): 6361-6374 (2018)
Marine Actinobacteria associated with the invertebrate hosts: A rich source of bioactive compounds: A review
Sheikh, M.A., Rathore, D.S., Gohel, S.D. and Singh, S.P.
UGC-CAS Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot 360005 (Gujarat).
E. mail: satyapsingh@yahoo.com,
Abstract: Marine ecosystems consist of biologically diverse organisms. Marine organisms exhibit unique physiological and structural features which facilitate them to survive under the different extremities of salinity, pH, and pressure. Among the diverse marine microbial population, marine actinobacteria associated with different invertebrate hosts have attracted attention during the recent years. Particularly, coral and sponge associated actinobacteria are being investigated with greater interest. Actinobacteria are well known for their ability to produce novel compounds of clinical and pharmaceutical importance. Hence, actinobacteria associated with marine invertebrate animals can be an important resource for novel bioactive compounds. Further, the diversity of the actinobacteria associated with different marine hosts may help understanding how they thrive under harsh environmental conditions and it may lead to the discovery of novel antimicrobial metabolites with potential biotechnological applications. In addition, quorum sensing (cell-to-cell communication in bacteria) is known to play a key role in the regulation of secondary metabolite production and morphogenesis in the phylum Actinobacteria. The quorum quenching ability in many actinobacteria has potential in controlling the plant and animal pathogens. Overall, this review focuses on the diversity, abundance and beneficial effects of the actinobacteria associated with the marine animals.
Key words: Actinobacteria, Bioactive compounds
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5. Journal of Cell and Tissue Research 18(1): 6375-6382 (2018)
Reproductive and production performances in dairy cattle of bay islands under semi-intensive organized farm: A review
Perumal, P., Kundu, A., Kundu, M. S., Sunder, J., Bhattacharya, D., Sujatha, T. and De, A.K.
ICAR-Central Island Agricultural Research Institute, Port Blair-744105 (Andaman and
Nicobar Islands). E. mail: perumalponraj@gmail.com,
Abstract: Production performance and fertility of dairy cows determine the profit of the dairy farm and are determined by various multi-oriented factors. Andaman and Nicobar Islands has humid tropical environmental condition with heavy rainfall (monsoon season) and dry seasons. The milk producing dairy cows are decreased over a period of the time from 1992 to 2012, whereas the human population is increased drastically in A and N Islands and also it is needed to improve the per capita availability of milk. Various factors affecting milk production such as crossbreeding programme, season, nutrition and mastitis and fertility status of dairy cows such as pathological, infectious, nutritional and genetic causes of infertility were need to be analysed and rectified. Therefore, greater efforts are required from all quarters to improve the reproduction and production performance in dairy cattle to fulfill the milk production and per capita availability and increasing the income of the farmers. Factors affecting the milk production and fertility of cattle and buffalo were explained in details in the present review based on the reports available. The present information are useful for the scientific community, cattle breeders and farmers, policy makers and state animal husbandry department of Andaman and Nicobar for designing their experiment to improve the milk production and reduce the infertility status of Islands.
Key words: Dairy cattle, Fertility, Milk production
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6. Journal of Cell and Tissue Research 18(1): 6383-6389 (2018)
Urovagina: A cause of endometritis and infertility in dairy cows: A review
Perumal, P., Savino, N., Veeraselvam, M. and Rajoriya, J.S.
ICAR-Central Island Agricultural Research Institute, Port Blair-744105 (Andaman and Nicobar Islands).
E. mail: perumalponraj@gmail.com, Cell: 09476025689
Abstract: Infertility is one of the common problems in dairy herd, which prevents the one calf crop per year. Urovagina play a significant role in creating infertility in mare as well as in cow by causing necrotizing endometritis and making the uterus unsuitable for spermatozoa and embryo. Diagnosis and treatment options to correct the urovagina and its reproductive outcome in mare are well established. The information regarding urovagina and evidence of economically more pragmatic treatment is lacking in cows. Therefore, the aim of the current review was to review the effect of urovagina on fertility of dairy cows and treatment modality especially more pragmatic and economically viable under field condition.
Key words: Urovagina, Endometritis
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7. Journal of Cell and Tissue Research 18(1): 6391-6396 (2018)
Evaluation of chicken carcasses sourced from organized processing units for food borne pathogens
Sudarshan, S. and Fairoze, N.
Department of Livestock Products Technology, Veterinary College, Hebbal, KVAFSU,
Bengaluru 560 024. E. mail: drsudi.lpt@gmail.com,
Abstract: In the present investigation chicken carcasses were sourced from organized marketing sector; two super markets and two modern processing facilities in and around the Bangalore city and the samples were designated as brand A, B and C, D respectively. A total 120 samples i.e. 30 samples (50 g) were drawn from each of the brand consisting of the breast region and thigh region, equally and were subjected to microbial load for the enumeration of total viable count, Coliforms, Staphylococcus count, Streptococcus count and Salmonella count, There was a highly significant difference (P< 0.01) for TVC, Coliforms, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus and Salmonella counts among four different brands, but no significant difference in Salmonella counts was noted among 4 brands and between the sample locations. Prevalence rate was 100 per cent for Coliforms, Staphylococcus and Streptococcus but for Salmonella it was 43.33, 30.00, 20.00 and 23.33 per cent in brands A, B, C and D, respectively for breast region and 46.66, 33.33, 26.66 and 26.66 per cent in brands A, B, C and D respectively for thigh region. In general, counts were higher in brand A and B compared to C and D. The lower counts in brands C and D could be due to the fact that carcasses from processing facilities are maintained under strict hygiene and cold chain till they reached the consumer. The higher counts observed in brands A and B obtained from the supermarkets may be due to the fact that these carcasses were obtained from different unhygienic sources and packed for sale at the super markets.
Key words: Chicken carcasses, Food borne pathogens .
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8. Journal of Cell and Tissue Research 18(1): 6397-6400 (2018)
Studies on micro propagation of Banana, cv. Bargibale
Hegde, A.K., Hegde, V.K. and Hegde, V.
MES’s M. M. Arts and Science College, Sirsi, Uttara Kannada, Karnataka;
E. mail: vinayhegde.bhandimane@gmail.com, Received: February 17, 2018; Accepted: March 11, 2018
Abstract: In the present study, an efficient reproducible protocol for high frequency micropropagation of Banana Var. Bargibale was described. An in-vitro protocol for Cv. Bargibale was established by using shoot tip culture. The healthy suckers which were collected from the disease free and high yielding mother plants were surfaced sterilized and initiated on standard MS medium supplemented with different combinations and concentrations of plant growth hormones. Out of tried combinations, maximum multiplication (90%) was obtained in MS medium supplemented with 3.5 mg/L BAP, 10 mg/L adenine sulphate and 0.5 mg/L IAA, while maximum elongation of shoot (3.6cm) was observed in MS medium supplemented with 3 mg/L BAP, 8 mg/L adenine sulphate and 0.5 mg/L IAA. Then the micro shoots were transferred to in-vitro rooting medium MS medium half strength, supplemented with 1 mg/L BAP, 2.5 mg/L IAA and 2 g/L activated charcoal. Then excellent acclimatization was observed for transferred plantlets with 90% survival rate.
Key words: Banana Cv.Bargibale, Micro propagation
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9.Journal of Cell and Tissue Research 18(1): 6401-6405 (2018)
Isolation and characterization of a moderate halo-alkaliphilic Planococcus. sp. from Sambhar salt lake
Gaur, A. and Arti, P.
Department of Zoology, Mohan Lal Sukhadia University, Udaipur 313001 (Raj.)
E. mail: avbiomail@gmail.com,
Abstract: In an attempt to explore bacterial diversity in the water samples of Sambhar salt lake (260 57’01" N , 740 57’02" E), Jaipur Rajasthan, a Halo-alkliphilic, Gram-positive, obligate Aerobe, Coccoid strain was isolated and designated SL-17 . The isolate showed growth in salt concentration ranging between 1-15% and found to be motile. Convex, smooth, circular colonies with yellowish-orange pigmentation were formed by the strain. The strain was subjected to biochemical and molecular analysis to ascertain its exact taxonomic position. The 16s r-RNA gene of the isolate was amplified, and 1407 bp long amplicon was sent for sequencing. The phenotypic, Biochemical and genetic descriptions of the isolate are indicative of its relatedness to the genus Planococcus . It was found to show 99% similarity with P. plakortidis and P. maritimus. (note: The isolate has been submitted to gene bank with a accession no : KJ931667).
Key words: Planococcus, Halotolerant, Sambhar Salt lake
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10. Journal of Cell and Tissue Research 18(1): 6407-6412 (2018)
Biochemical profile of Malnad gidda breed of cattle
Gowda, H. K., Narayanaswamy, M., Veena, T. Krishnaswamy, A., Nagaraja, C. S., Sridhar, N. B., Ganesh, K. and Kalmath, G. P.
Veterinary College, KVAFSU, Bangalore, Karnataka; E. mail: hemannagowda@gmail.com,
Abstract: The present study was conducted to establish the base line biochemical values in Malnad Gidda cattle in different seasons (winter and summer) under the agro-climatic condition of Western Ghats of Karnataka. Thirty healthy Malnad Gidda cattle divided into five groups based on age, sex and lactation. Group I and II consisted of male Malnad Gidda cattle aged between one to three years and four to five years, respectively. Group III, IV and V consisted of female Malnad Gidda cattle aged between one to three years, four to five years lactating and four to five years nonlactating animals, respectively. The biochemical parameters such as total serum cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-Cholesterol, LDL-Cholesterol, VLDL-Cholesterol, activities of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase, serum total protein, serum albumin, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, blood β-hydroxy butyrate and blood glucose levels were estimated. The results revealed non-significant variation between the genders within the age group and also between the age within the gender. Further, none of the biochemical parameters differed significantly between summer and winter season in Malnad Gidda cattle. The established biochemical values in present study could be used as reference values in Malnad Gidda breed reared under similar climatic and environmental conditions and also useful for academic purposes.
Key words: Malnad Gidda cattle, Biochemical profile
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11. Journal of Cell and Tissue Research 18(1): 6413-6414 (2018)
Electrocardiographic findings in dogs with Babesia gibsoni infection
Subhash Chandra, B., Rajkumar, K., Vijayalakshmi, P. and Abiramy @ Prabavathy, A.
Department of Veterinary Medicine, Teaching Veterinary Clinical Campus, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of
Veterinary Education and Research, Mettupalayam, Puducherry 605 009.
E. mail: suraj.magician@gmail.com,
Abstract: The study was conducted for the determination of electrocardiographic alterations in dogs with Babesia gibsoni infection, presented to Small Animal Medicine Unit of Teaching Veterinary Clinical Campus, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Veterinary Education and Research. Dogs (n = 9) tested positive for Babesia gibsoni were subjected for electrocardiography. Readings like P, R and T wave amplitude and duration, QRS interval duration and duration of P-R interval was taken and the readings were compared to that of apparently healthy animals (n = 6). Even though individual variations were noticed in dogs with babesiosis, the mean values showed no significant difference when compared to the control group, representing minimal or no cardiac affections in the disease group.
Key words: Babesia gibsoni, Dogs
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