1. Journal of Cell and Tissue Research 19(2) 6687-6694 (2019)
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Impact on the growth of Brassica oleracea var. Botrytis (Broccoli) by Nanomycorrhiza: A Review
Varma, A., Attri, M.K., Mahajan, S., Bajpai, S. and Khanuja, M.
Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201303, India, E. mail: ajitvarma@amity.edu,
Abstract: Piriformospora indica (Serendipita indica) is a recently portrayed cultivable mycorrhiza that colonizes roots of wide host ranges viz., Bryophyte, Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms and Angiosperms including members of Crucifereae. Fungi associated with plants as pathogens or those benefits the plants by enhancing yields in horticulture and agro-forestry. This article focuses on the interaction of “ZnO Nanomaterial-embedded” mycorrhiza (P. indica) with the physiological development of Broccoli (Brassica oleraceavar. botrytis). The article highlights the conditioning of broccoli with “Nano-embedded fungus” and thus leading to the enhancement of the nutritive value, incorporating more therapeutic elements and also increasing the yield of the crop. The ZnO nanomaterial used in this study were synthesized by thermal decomposition and there by characterized via sophisticated methods such as UV Visible Spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction spectroscopy, SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) and FTIR spectra. The study was backed with wet laboratory experiments which involved treatment of broccoli in four variations i.e. control, treatment with ZnO nanomaterial, treatment with P. indica and treatment with nano-embedded P. indica. The experiments were performed in triplicates. The most promising results were observed in the growth pattern of the seeds treated with mycosymbiont embedded with ZnOnano material thermally decomposed at 500 0C. This article subdues the notion that the use of nano-materials in the field of agriculture is medicinally impending and also demonstrates preliminary analytical data supporting the impingement of ZnOnano material with P. indica in the life cycle of broccoli plant. Methoxy glucobrassicin, glucoerucin, gluconasturtin is increased by 10-12 % in treated broccoli as compared to control.
Key words: Broccoli, Piriformosporaindica, ZnO, Nanoparticle, Serendipita indica
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2. Journal of Cell and Tissue Research 19(2) 6695-6711 (2019)
Effect of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells on psoriasis-like skin inflammation induced by imiquimod in adult male albino rat: A histological and immunohistochemical study
Kashef, S.M., Elwan, W.M., El Bakary, R.H., Laag, E.M. and Abo Hassan, N. F.
Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt. E. mail: emlaag@gmail.com
Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) on psoriasis (Ps) like skin inflammation induced by imiquimod (IMQ) in adult male albino rat. Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease with no definitive cure. BM-MSCs have immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties that have been proposed in several autoimmune diseases and successfully tested in animal models. 40 adult male albino rats were divided into four equal groups; Group-I (control group), group-II received a daily topical dose of 62.5 mg of IMQ cream 5% for 6 consecutive days, group-III administered subcutaneous injections of complete media at 6th day of IMQ cream application, and then left without any treatment for 12 days, group-IV administered subcutaneous injections of isolated BM-MSCs suspended in complete media at 6th day of IMQ cream application, and then left without any treatment for 12 days. Specimens from the skin were processed for both light and electron microscopy. Immunohistochemical study was performed using antibodies against Ki-67. Imiquimod (IMQ) induced Ps-like skin inflammation presented by epidermal inflammation and hyperplasia of keratinocytes with marked degenerative changes. Abundant inflammatory cellular infiltration and dilated blood capillaries were obvious in the dermis. Immunohistochemically, a highly significant increase in the mean number of Ki-67 positive cells was observed. In contrast, most of the histological changes disappeared by BM-MSCs treatment except in few localized areas. BM-MSCs could ameliorate the IMQ induced Ps-like skin inflammation in adult male albino rats.
Key words: Psoriasis, Imiquimod, Mesenchymal stem cells
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3. Journal of Cell and Tissue Research 19(2) 6713-6716 (2019)
A rare variant of turners syndrome with mosaic 46, X idic X /45, X karyotype: A case report
Srilekha, A., Sowmya, S., Jyothy, A., Sujatha, M. and Venkateshwari, A
Institute of Genetics and Hospital for Genetic Diseases Osmania University, Begumpet, Hyderabad – 500 016. E. mail: venkateshwari@yahoo.com
Abstract: A 19 year old girl with primary amenorrhea referred to our Institute for chromosomal analysis turned out to be an unusual case of Turner’s syndrome with mosaicism of 46, X idic X / 45, X. X/X translocations are rare in humans and the phenotypic effect of this anomaly is variable and depends on the addition or deletion of X chromosome and their nature of rearrangement. Proband was phenotypically normal with short stature and her endocrine evaluation revealed hypergonadotropic hypogonadism. Cytogenetic analysis performed on peripheral blood lymphocytes revealed a de novo mosaic karyotype. The prevalent cell line was 46, X idic X and the second cell line was 45, X (pure Turners). Further, FISH analysis was done to confirm the abnormality. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report of de novo mosaic karyotype reported from India.
Key words: Turners Syndrome
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4. Journal of Cell and Tissue Research 19(2) 6717-6724 (2019)
Extraction and evaluation of phytochemical, anti-microbial, anti-cancer and nutritional values of chia (Salvia hispanica l.) seeds extract
Anusha, K. and Gowrishankar, D.
Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Quality Assurance, Andhra University, Vishakhapatnam 530003. E. mail: panusha059@gmail.com
Abstract: Chia seed contains the highest known percentage of á-linolenic fatty acid of any plant source. In recent years, chia seed has become increasingly important for human health and nutrition because of its high content of á-linolenic fatty acid, and the beneficial health effects that arise from its consumption. A study was undertaken to characterize protein and oil contents as well as fatty acid composition of chia seeds grown in fields. Phytochemical screening and quantitative secondary metabolites were carried out for methanol, chloroform, acetone, water and hexane extracts of Salvia hispanica L. as per procedure. Initially, the phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, phenols, terpenoids, flavonoids, tanins, saponins, proteins and cardio glycosides except steroids in different extracts of chia seeds. Higher quantity of total phenolic and flavonoids (119.83± 9.32, 156.22 ± 2.98 mg/g respectively) in hexane extract and low quantity present in methanolic extracts (31.76 ± 3.21, 44.15 ± 3.48 respectively). Methanolic extract of chia seeds showed antibacterial inhibitory activity against all microorganisms. The highest zone of inhibition was found at 16 mm for S. aureus (Gram +ve) 15 mm for E. coli (Gram – ve). Rest of the extracts (chloroform, acetone, water and hexane) did not show any bacterial inhibitory activity. At the same time there is no antifungal inhibitory activity from different 5 solvent extracts. Nevertheless, Chia seeds are excellent natural source of nutritional value with good physicochemical and functional qualities, and is very promising for use in food industry.
Key words: Chia seed, Nutritional and therapeutic properties.
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5. Journal of Cell and Tissue Research 19(2) 6725-6729 (2019)
Collagen as restorative medicine: A review
Pushkala, K. and Gupta, P. D.
S. D. N. B. Vaishnav College for Women, Chromepet, Chennai (Rtd). E. mail: kpushkala@gmail.com
Abstract: Aging research has put restorative medicine on forefront. It is in fact that during aging metabolism becomes slow and we become deficient in many proteins; collagen is one of those. Since human body has more collagen than any other protein, its gluing action keeps organs in the body tight and fit. It is crucial for the strength of bones. Its supplementation and cofactors required for its metabolism are the key factor to use it as restorative medicine.
Key word: Collagen, Restorative medicine
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6. Journal of Cell and Tissue Research 19(2) 6731-6739 (2019)
Neuroprotective actions of melatonin: A review
Bhatnagar, M. and Suhalka, P.
Department of Zoology, University College of Science, M. L. S. University, Udaipur-313001, India, E. mail: mbhatnagar@yahoo.com
Abstract: Melatonin a pineal hormone is an indoleamine and has potent role in the biological regulation of circadian rhythms, sleep-mood disorders, immunoregulation, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders and aging. Melatonin passively diffuses into bloodstream. Melatonin’s protective action in reducing neural damage is believed to be due to direct free radical scavenging and indirect anti-oxidative effect of this hormone, especially in cases of neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases whose pathogenesis is associated with the cytotoxic effects of oxygen free radicals. Melatonin also promotes neurogenesis in adults thus affect hippocampal functions and enhance cognitive and behavioral activities. Therapeutic trials with melatonin have been also effective in slowing down the progression of some neurodegenerative disorders. Studies suggest that melatonin may have a clinical potential for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders related to hippocampus. In this review neuroprotective properties of the melatonin are discussed
Key words: Melatonin, Neuroprotection
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7. Journal of Cell and Tissue Research 19(2) 6741-6743 (2019)
Antibiotic sensitivity pattern of Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae to different antibiotics
Shivakumar, M., Suryanarayana, T. and Naveen, G.S.
Department of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary College, Hassan, Karnataka Veterinary, Animal and Fisheries Sciences University (KVAFSU). E. mail: shiva5kid@gmail.com
Abstract: The present study was undertaken to assess the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae isolated from nasal swab of sheep. Three antibiotics viz., tylosin, enrofloxacin and oxytetracycline were used against six isolates in the study. All the antimicrobial agents showed effectiveness at different range of minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC).
Key words: Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae, antibiotic
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8. Journal of Cell and Tissue Research 19(2) 6745-6748 (2019)
Importance and applications of mRNA in therapeutics: A review
Gupta, P.D. and Sood, P.P.
Former Director grade Scientist Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad. India. E. mail: pdg2000@hotmail.com
Abstract: Development of new drug is not that easy task; joint efforts of biologist, chemists, pharmacologist and lately molecular biologist also put their hands and brains together. Drug therapies are popular and most effective too, however, still we do not have drugs for many diseases. More so, many drugs also have serious side effects. The concept, that the body can make drug for the disease, is a promising one. The ‘central dogma ‘ DNA → RNA → Protein can be applied in the body for making required protein which body can used as drug, Experiments are promising but yet no disease has been treated as yet. This review is all about it and opens a new avenue in the field of drug therapy, most likely without side effects.
Key words: mRNA in therapeutics
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9. Journal of Cell and Tissue Research 19(2) 6749-6751 (2019)
Triidothyronine (t3) and tetraidothyronine (t4 ) profile in different age groups of Bakarwali goat (Capra hircus)
Dar, Y.M. and Suri, S.
Division of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences and Animal Husbandry, SKUAST-J, R.S Pora, Jammu 181102, J&K, India. E. mail: yousufdar8@gmail.com
Abstract: The present study was conducted on the 36 samples of thyroid gland divided into three groups based on the age of animals and irrespective of sex viz.- Prepubertal ( below 1 year), Pubertal ( 2-3 years) and Senile ( above 5 years of age) containing 12 animals in each group. The serum level of T3 in prepubertal, pubertal and senile age group of Bakerwali goat were 0.91±0.13, 1.22±0.07, 0.81±0.02 ng/ml whereas serum level of T4 were 5.54±0.57, 6.58±0.64 and 5.29±0.42 ìg/dl. The level of T3 and T4 increased from prepubertal to pubertal group and then decreased in senile group that might be due to increased basal metabolism in prepubertal and pubertal than in senile goats. Statistically higher (P<0.05) T3 value was observed in pubertal group as compared to senile group. However T4 value was higher in pubertal group as compared to other two groups, but the values were statistically not significant.
Key words: Bakerwali goat, Thyroid, Serum, Thyroxine
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10. Journal of Cell and Tissue Research 19(2) 6753-6761 (2019)
Protective effect of resveratrol and curcumin on fluoride induced anxiety and oxidative stress
Sharma, C. and Bhatnagar, M.
School of Biosciences, Institute of management studies, University courses campus, National Highway 24, Adhyatmik Nagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh -201015. E. mail: csharma134@gmail.com
Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of sodium fluoride on behavior (anxiety) of mice by open field test, NADPH-d activity and antioxidant enzymes. The study also focuses on the possible protective effects of resveratrol and curcumin against the neurotoxicity and oxidative stress of sodium fluoride (NaF) that adversely affects antioxidant defense system especially in brain. Young male mice (weighing 35-45 g and each group of ten animals) were given sodium fluoride (120ppm), resveratrol (30 mg/Kg bw) and/ or curcumin (30 mg/Kg bw) daily by intraperitoneal injections (I.P) for 4 weeks. In the present study, sodium fluoride induced oxidative stress by decreasing levels of SOD, CAT and increased MDA in the soft tissues, fluoride exposed mice also show increase in anxiety behavior and increase in NADPH-d activity, which are ameliorated by curcumin extract and/or resveratrol to great extent and thus these phytochemicals improve the antioxidant defense system and relieve anxiety behavior by their neuroprotective effect on brain.
Key words: Fluoride, Resveratrol, Curcumin, Amygdala
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11. Journal of Cell and Tissue Research 19(2) 6763-6768 (2019)
Basic concept of stem cells: A review
Dar, Y.M., Kumar, P., Kumar, A. and Gedam, M.P.
Department of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut-250110 (UP). E. mail: yousufdar8@gmail.com,
Abstract: Stem cells have the potential to develop into mature cells that have characteristic shapes and specialized functions, such as heart cells, skin cells, or nerve cells. Embryonic stem cells are derived from the inner cell mass of the blastocyst. The sources of adult stem cells is the bone marrow, blood stream, cornea and retina of the eye, the dental pulp of the tooth, liver, skin, gastrointestinal tract, and pancreas. Unlike embryonic stem cells, at this point in time, there are no isolated adult stem cells that are capable of forming all cells of the body. Certain kinds of adult stem cells seem to have the ability to differentiate into a number of different cell types, given the right conditions. If this differentiation of adult stem cells can be controlled in the laboratory, these cells may become the basis of therapies for many serious common diseases. A significant hurdle to this use and most uses of stem cells is that scientists do not yet fully understand the signals that turn specific genes on and off to influence the differentiation of the stem cell.
Key words: Stem cell
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12. Journal of Cell and Tissue Research 19(2) 6769-6774 (2019)
Effect of reduced glutathione supplementation on freezability of mithun (Bos frontalis) semen
Nahak, A.K., Das, S., Perumal, P., Mohanty, D.N., Mishra, P.C., Patra, B.K. and Savino, N.
Department of Animal Reproduction, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, OUAT, Bhubaneswar-751003. E mail: imaknahak@gmail.com,
Abstract: The present investigation was carried out to assess the effect of addition of reduced glutathione (GSH) as an antioxidant on the pre-freezing and post-thaw seminal parameters of mithun semen. A total of 10 pooled ejaculates were collected from healthy mithun bulls by transrectal massage method and split into three equal aliquots. These ejaculates were cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen (LN2)with Tris-Egg yolk-Citrate-glycerol extenders containing 0 mM, 5 mM and 10 mM GSH in Group-I, II and III, respectively. Routine seminal parameters such as progressive forward motility, liveability, total morphological abnormality, acrosomal, plasma membrane and nuclear integrity were evaluated for fresh semen as well as at the pre-freeze and post-thaw stage of cryopreservation. Group II (5mM GSH) had showed significantly (p< 0.05) higher semen quality parameters as in the dose dependent manner as compared to other treatments and untreated control group. The progressive forward motility was positively and significantly correlated with livability, acrosomal, plasma membrane and nuclear integrity and significantly negatively correlated with total morphological abnormality at fresh, pre-freeze and post thawed semen. In conclusion, GSH at 5mM was suitable and optimum dose whereas 10mM GSH was proved to be over dosage and toxic to spermatozoa at ultra low temperature semen preservation in mithun species.
Key words: Mithun semen, Cryopreservation, Glutathione
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