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1. Journal of Cell and Tissue Research 19(3) 6775-6780 (2019)
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Mitotic inhibition in Allium cepa as a model to evaluate the cytotoxicity of various plant extracts and their probable application to check the cell division in malignancy
Parmer, M.P., Dave, G.S. and Parmer, D.V.
Department of Biochemistry, Shri Manibhai Virani and Smt. Navalben Virani Science College,
Rajkot 360005, Gujarat.E. mail: mayur.biochem@gmail.com,
Abstract: In this study, we had used Vigna radiata germination inhibition and Allium cepa root tip assays. Both of these methods are well established, convenient, reproducible and rapid to determine Anti-mitotic as well as cytotoxic activity of different plant extracts. We checked the Anti-mitotic activity and cytotoxicity of Cedrus deodara, Hedychium spicatum, Jateorhiza palmate, and Momordica charantica and compared their effects with vincristine which is a well known chemotherapeutic agent. Our study has revealed that all these plants were capable enough to induce germination inhibition but aqueous extract of Jateorhiza palmate was failed to prove its potential in the Allium test compared to the positive control. Except for this plant, all the three plant extracts had significantly reduced mitotic index like vincristine. We have identified the cytotoxic and antimitotic properties of these three plants and they can be studied further to isolate the active compound/s to check for their anti-cancer properties using cancer cell lines as well as various other well-advanced techniques. Thus the study had two objectives viz., to check the cell division taking Allium cepa as a model that may also apply in cancer cell, and anti-mitotic activity of various herbal plant extract that may also applicable to check the cell division in cancer cells.
Key words: Anti-mitotic, Vigna radiata, Allium cepa
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2. Journal of Cell and Tissue Research 19(3) 6781-6788 (2019)
Evaluation of anti-angiogenic potential of Biophytum sensitivum linn. leaf extract on angiogenesis by
chick chorioallantoic membrane assay
Mhaske, M.C. and Gonjari, G.R.
Department of Zoology, Y. C. Institute of Science, Satara, Maharashtra, India.
E. mail: mhaskemanisha2316@gmail.com, Cell: +917798 924808
Abstract: Angiogenesis is the sprouting of new blood vessels from pre-existing vessels. It is a major pathological component of diseases such as cancer and coronary heart disease. The anti-angiogenic compounds from plant have been used in the treatment of cancer and tumor growth. Biophytum sensitivum (Linn.) has long been used both for its medicinal, cultural and traditional values.This study reports for the potent ability of Biophytum sensitivum acetone leaf extracts to inhibit angiogenesis in ovo by using chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. The quantitative analysis of angiogenesis was tested by administering B. sensitivum acetone leaf extract at 48, 72 and 96 hrs on chick CAM. The result of present study showed significant inhibition in the number of secondary and tertiary blood vessels along with CAM area.
Key words: Biophytum sensitivum, Chorioallantoic membrane, Angiogenesis.
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3. Journal of Cell and Tissue Research 19(3) 6789-6796 (2019)
Efficiency of Tridax procumbens linn. extract on angiogenesis by chick chorioallantoic
membrane (cam) assay
Mhaske, M.C.and Gonjari, G.R.
Department of Zoology, Y. C. Institute of Science, Satara, Maharashtra, India.
E. mail: mhaskemanisha2316@gmail.com,
Abstract: Angiogenesis is the fundamental process in the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing vessels, capillaries and postcapillary venules. It plays an important role in many physiological processes such as normal tissue growth, wound healing, embryonic development and menstruation. Many natural plant extracts prevent the process of angiogenesis and widely used in clinical practice. T. procumbens (Linn.) has long been used both for its medicinal, cultural and traditional values. Chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) is a well vascularized in ovo model commonly used to study both angiogenesis and anti-angiogenesis effects of new compounds and complex plant extracts. The present study aimed to evaluate the antiangiogenic property of acetone leaf extract of T. procumbens by using chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. Present investigation revealed that T. procumbens acetone leaf extract possesses significant antiangiogenic activity which can be used in the treatment of anti-angiogenic diseases.
Key words: Tridax procumbens, Chorioallantoic membrane, Angiogenesis.
4. Journal of Cell and Tissue Research 19(3) 6797-6804 (2019)
Antioxidants (gossypin, vitamin E and glutathione) mixed therapy is quite beneficial to developing animals intoxicated with methylmercury
Tyagi, S. and Sood, P.P.
Pediatric Department, Metro Hospital and the Children Clinic, Noida (UP). E. mail: drshalinityagi@gmail.com,
The objective of present contribution is to scrutinize the capacity of inherent and herbal antioxidant, alone or in combination in amelioration of methylmercury induced stress. Earlier observations discovered different effect of metal and chelating agents in different tissues. It may be due to the fact that different agents have different capacity to absorb and store the toxicants. Therefore, individual application of any therapeutic agent may not be much affective in all body organs. Further multiplicity of antioxidants appears to be beneficial because specific antioxidant molecule may be particularly effective for utilizing specific reactive oxygen or nitrogen species (ROS/RNS). The newly born chicks (four days old) were taken as experiment animals assuming that they will be free from toxicity before experimentation. The animals were divided in 5 groups (n 9). Rest of the animal of groups 2 to 5 were treated with daily dose of one mg/kg methylmercury chloride for 7 days. From 8th day onward they were treated separately. Group 2 animals were kept as such without further treatment for another 7 days. Group 3 animals were given daily dose of gossypin (100mg/kg) orally for another 7 days. Group 4 animals were given gossypin orally and after half an hour an injection of vitamin E (20 mg/kg). Likewise Group 5 was treated glutathione (50 mg/kg) and after half an hour vitamin E and gossypin. After scheduled day the animal were sacrificed and brain, liver, kidney and blood (RBC) were analyzed for malondialdehide, glutathione content and the enzymes glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase. Study shows inhibition of both the enzymes and decrease of glutathione. However, a sharp increase of malondialdehide was recorded. These factors clearly indicate an increase of lipid peroxidation due to release of free radicals caused by oxidative stress in MMC intoxicated animals. Study shows mixed therapy containing mixture of antioxidants (gossypin + vitamin E + glutathione) is most successful combination that release the animal from stress as indicated by reduction of lipid peroxidation ( drop of malondialdehide) level and recovery of total glutathione.
Key words: Gossypin, Vitamin E, Glutathione, Methylmercury
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5. Journal of Cell and Tissue Research 19(3) 6805-6815 (2019)
The mighty microbiota: regulator of the human body: A review
Gupta, P.D.
Former Director grade Scientist Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad. India
E. mail: pdg2000@hotmail.com
Microbiota is a life line for human being, however if the balance in interspecies of microbiota is disturbed, it can cause serious diseases. Collectively the microbiotal species act as epigenetic factor for humans. First exposure to microbiota is in utero. The whole health programming of the individuals stars even before birth. C-section or fed formula fed babies are immunologically weaker than that of normal delivered and beast fed babies. For the lifelong good health of babies, mothers should opt for vaginal delivery and breast feeding for healthy newborn.
Key words: Microbiota, Human body
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6. Journal of Cell and Tissue Research 19(3) 6817-6828 (2019)
Relevance of medicinal herbs from ancient civilization (considered as adaptogens) in nervous disorders: A review
Bhatnagar, M. and Barbar, S.
Department of Zoology, University College of Science, M. L. S. University, Udaipur-313001.
E. mail: mbhatnagar@yahoo.com
Abstract: Herbal system of medicine has been practiced since historical times and traces its roots to ancient civilization. It is worthwhile to mention that before the availability of synthetic drugs, plant-based remedies formed the basis of primary healthcare system. Previous work from our laboratory have shown that extracts of several medicinal plant viz., Aracemosus racemosus, Convolvulus pleuricaulis, Withania somnifera, Semicapus anacardium, Centella asiatica, Ocimum sanctum, Muccunapruriens and Northodytus jatamanasi have modulated effects on synthesis and secretion of not only neurotransmitters but also various growth factors in central nervous system. In vitro and in vivo experiments have proved that these plants also possess antioxidantal and neuroprotective properties. The brain is most sensitive organ of body. Any kind of stress in brain is usually manifested by cellular or herbal drugs. Where efforts are on to identify the best therapeutic dose of a natural and synthetic compound for a specific disease. W. somnifera, C. asiatica, A. racemosus, O. sanctum, E. alsenoides, C. Pleuriocaulis, M. Pruriens, B. monieriare some of the agents biochemical damage. In earlier civilization tribals, knowing a little bit of medicinal effect of plants, were using for treatments of effected patients, and slowly became expert as medicinal practician, commonly know as “Vaide”. Recently, the evaluation of the extent of cellular oxidative stress in brain and other body organs has been attempted using synthetic and which have been used in not only in the Ayurvedic system of medicine for over 3000 years for the therapeutic purposes but also in modern medicines which are synthesized on basis of the natural constituents of these plants. The objective of the present review is to provide a comprehensive information about various plants which are recognized as adaptogens and considered most effective as tonic but also in treatment of complex diseases like nervous disorders.
Key words: Neuroprotection, Medicinal plants
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7. Journal of Cell and Tissue Research 19(3) 6833 -6842 (2019)
In vitro propagation and encapsulation of Celastrus paniculatus willd. an endangered medicinal plant
Aadhan, K. and Anand, S.P.
Department of Botany, National College (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University), Tiruchirapalli 620 001, Tamil Nadu.
E. mail: athanvivek@gmail.com,
Abstract: Celastrus paniculatus is an important medicinal plant which is being endangered of going into extinction in Senegal. To preserve this genetic resource of great economic value, studies on seed germination were carried out and in vitro conservation option through tissue culture technique was adopted. 100% of seed germination rate was recorded 2 days after 5 - 6 h of concentrated H2SO4 treatments and incubation in a growth chamber at 27±1°C. To improve and raise in vitro vegetative multiplication capacities, different concentrations of growth regulators were added alone or in combination in a MS basal medium. Multiplication rate of 4% Sodium alginate (Na) and calcium chloride (CaCl2) (100 mm) were obtained, respectively, for seed and leaf in a MS medium supplemented with BAP 1. 0 mg/l + IAA 0. 0 mg/l for leaf explants, a rate of 89.5% was recorded for the hormonal combination which consisted of BAP 1.0 mg/l +2, 4-D 0.0 mg/L + KI 0.1 mg/l11.6±0.73aof leaf explants were rooted after 24 h of induction treatment with IBA 1. 0 mg/l whereas 90 % of auxiliary bud explants developed roots after 48 h of induction with NAA 0.0 mg/l. During acclimatization achievement, survival rates were respectively 92% for seed and 90% for leaf explants.
Key words: Celastrus paniculatusv, seeds, propagation
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