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1. Journal of Cell and Tissue Research 21(1): 7013-7019 (2021)
Neurological correlates of Yoga-meditation
Bhatnagar, M. and Sood, P. P.
Rtd. Professor and Head, Dept of Zoology, Ex. Dean and Chairman, Faculty of Science, M.L.S. University, Udaipur-313001. E. mail: m.maheep@gmail.com, Cell: 094141 65750.
Abstract: Yoga is now practised by the aged, teens and children, and is truly a global phenomenon. Anyone practicing yoga can instantly feel the benefits, both physical and mental, along with emotional and spiritual well being. Yoga-meditation not only affects brain functions but also impede harm full biological effects. It can serve as intervention therapy for the treatment of chronic depression improve memory and cognitive decline. In addition data also gathered related to impact of meditation on non-neuronal biological systems as pain processing and energy metabolism. Although, research into effects of meditation and its substantial effects on the human brain and body are still under developing phase, but the data so far been accumulated support important role of meditative practices as interventional therapy for wide range of medical conditions. Though, these data need to be corroborated by neuro-physiological, neuro-clinical, neuro-physicians and neuro-molecular studies including clinical psychology. Scientific evidences on brain science around meditation have been available only in the last decade as development of functional MRI helped neuroscientists to monitor brain changes relatively in real time. In this review, different type yoga-meditation practices and their impacts on brain and related functions such as depression, anxiety, neurological disorders including pain, mental health have been discussed.
Keywords: Neurological disorders, Yoga-meditation
2. Journal of Cell and Tissue Research 21(1): 7021-7024 (2021)
Corona vaccine: Nationalism v/s Cosmopolitanism
Gupta, P.D.
Former, Director grade Scientist, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India.
E. mail: pdg2000@hotmail.com,
Abstract: During the policy making and development of vaccine to curb the pandemic disease Covid-19 two new words were coined “Vaccine Nationalism” and “Vaccine Cosmopolitanism”. These terminologies are very important to understand and act upon to eliminate the pandemic situation of covid-19 and these also warn not to adopt the previously practiced Vaccine Nationalism in the case on H1N1 vaccine. India followed “Vaccine Cosmopolitanism” as its culture says ‘World as one family” and plan in phase manner to vaccinate her own population and supply for other country’s population. She not only supplied vaccine but key medicines also in the initial stage of pandemic even to rich and advanced nations.
Keywords: Covid-19
3. Journal of Cell and Tissue Research 21(1): 7025-7028 (2021)
Corona (SARS-CoV2) and dogs: Foes and Friends
Gupta, P.D. and Pushkala, K.
Former Director Grade Scientist, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India.
E. mail: pdg2000@hotmail.com
Abstract: In Natures’ creation some organisms are friendly to humans whereas others are enemies, some prey on humans and others act as pathogens. Recently evolved, SARS-Cov2 (Carona virus) which became pandemic in no time became the worst pathogen of the century, the only diagnostic test was RT- PCR which is very expensive as well time consuming was available. In the search of certain non expensive and rapid tests scientists taking advantage of dog’s very sensitive smelling power researchers found that certain strains of Dogs can also be used for detection of the infection of corona viruses in humans. In this review we have critically analysed the usefulness of dogs in the diagnosis of Covid-19. Indian army has fruitfully employed the technique to ascertain the infection among Javans
Keywords: Carona virus diagnosis by dogs
4. Journal of Cell and Tissue Research 21(1): 7029-7036 (2021)
Formulation and characterization of sustained release gastroretentive sunflower oil entrapped floating beads of Cinnarizine
Surve, R.and Gadad, A.P.
Department of Pharmaceutics, Rani Chennamma College of Pharmacy, Belgaum- 590010, Karnataka, India. E. mail: rashmisurve08@gmail.com,
Abstract: A gastroretentive sustained release system of Cinnarizine was formulated to increase the gastric residence time and modulate its release behavior. Cinnarizine is an antihistaminic drug used to treat motion sickness. This type of disorder requires immediate relief which could persist for a longer duration. Cinnarizine beads were prepared by emulsion gelation method by employing low methoxy pectin (LMP) (3%) and sodium alginate in 3 different concentrations (2,3,4 %). The effect of variation in concentration of oil and polymer was investigated. The beads were evaluated for buoyancy, drug entrapment efficiency, and in vitro release characteristics. Based on this F9 was selected as the best formulation. This was then further subjected to surface morphology and stability study. Thus it was concluded that the sustained release formulation containing Cinnarizine was found to be potential, cost effective and satisfactory.
Keywords: Cinnarizine, Floating drug delivery system
5. Journal of Cell and Tissue Research 21(1): 7037-7044 (2021)
Formulation and evaluation of gastroretentive floating tablets of diphenhydramine hydrochloride
Shivathaya, N., Hiremath, S. P.and Patil, A.
Department of Pharmaceutics, Rani Chennamma College of Pharmacy, Belagavi- 590010, Karnataka, India. E. mail: nehashivathaya21@yahoo.com, Cell: 07338096166
Abstract: The purpose of this research was to develop a floating drug delivery system of Diphenhydramine hydrochloride, which would remain buoyant in the stomach for prolonged period of time. A 23 full factorial design was used to optimize the drug delivery system with minimum number of formulation. Gastroretentive floating tablets were prepared by direct compression method using different polymers of varied concentrations. Hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose K15M as matrix former, ethyl cellulose as floating enhancer and rate retardant, sodium bicarbonate as gas forming agent. The prepared tablets were evaluated and the result of all the parameters indicated that F5 formulation showed highest floating lag time. The in vitro drug release was found to be 81.73% at the end of 12h fitting zero order kinetic models. Short term stability studies as per ICH guidelines revealed that optimized formulation was stable.
Keywords: Diphenhydramine hydrochloride, Floating drug delivery system
6. Journal of Cell and Tissue Research 21(1): 7045-7051 (2021)
Human interference in nature’s plan: How much we have succeeded? Immortal COVID - 19 stories
Bhatnagar, M. and Bhatnagar. R.
Rtd. Professor and Head, Dept of Zoology, Ex. Dean and Chairman, Faculty of Science, M.L.S. University,
Udaipur. E. mail: m.maheep@gmail.com, Cell: 094141 65750
Abstract: Since the beginning of civilization human regularly interfere and disturb the nature that also leads to develop unwanted harmful organisms. The regeneration of immortal corona virus is the latest example which has engulph the whole word. According to Wikipedia all corona viruses originated from common ancestor about 293 million years ago. Corona viruses are group of related RNA viruses that cause diseases in animals. In 1931 a new type upper respiratory tract disease was observed in chickens in North Dakota, USA. It was called as avian corona virus in1933. Different strains of similar viruses were discovered in different institutes of USA and commonly called CORONA virus due to its corona like projections. This virus have been discovered in pigs, dogs, cats rodents, cows horses, camels birds and bats and 29 species were reported.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a viral respiratory disease caused by a SARS-associated corona virus. Its outbreak came to light on December 31, 2019 when China informed WHO of a cluster of cases of pneumonia of an unknown cause in Wuhan City. Subsequently the disease spread to other Provinces in China, and also to the rest of the world. The WHO declared it a pandemic. The virus has been named SARS-CoV-2 and the disease is now called COVID-19. The outbreak has so far killed 3,114,480 people across the globe and infected 147,139,459 (as on April 25, 2021). The virus has spread to 192 countries. In India, 16,960,172 confirmed cases and 192,311 deaths have been reported (as per MoHFW). To check the spread of the corona virus pandemic, or Covid-19 anation wide lock down was declared. Though there is no confirmed treatment but antiviral, steroids and other symptomatic treatments are saving lives. In this review present epidemic situation of COVID -19, effective vaccination and future perspective of the epidemic in India is discussed.
Keywords: Corona virus, history, severity, prevention
7. Journal of Cell and Tissue Research 21(1): 7053-7056 (2021)
Multi drug resistant microbes: The future public health challenge : A review
Gupta, P, D. and Gupta, A.*
*Associate Director, Regulatory Affairs, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Ridgefield, CT, USA. E. mail: alpana_gupta@hotmail.com,
Abstract: The 1918 influenza pandemic was caused by an H1N1 virus with genes of avian origin. It spread worldwide and lasted for about 2 years. About 500 million people (around one-third of the world’s population at that time) became infected with this virus and the number of deaths was estimated to be at least 50 million globally. This episode compelled human being to eliminate pathogenic microrbiota from the planet, to some extent and for some time Sir Alexander Fleming’s efforts worked but soon microorganisms became smarter. After all they have also right to live. They have developed multi-drug resistance and continue to survive. Later, scientist wanted to kill them by immunologically, but again they by- passed immunological pathways and challenged the human race.
Keywords: Multi drug resistant, Microbes
8. Journal of Cell and Tissue Research 21(1): 7057-7062 (2021)
Mining and development of EST-SSR markers from public expressed sequence tags databases for the study of spine gourd (Momordica dioica) male and female plant
Vasava, D.K., Kheni, J.K., Bhalani, H.N., Padhiyar, S.M., Rajyaguru, R., Desai, H.and Tomar, R.S.
Department of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, J.A.U., Junagadh-362001.
E. Mail: divyeshvasava27@gmail.com, Cell: 099257 29910
Abstract: Spine gourd, an important vegetable crop in the family Cucurbitaceae, currently has few available Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers. Simple sequence repeats (SSRs) are important molecular markers for assessing genetic diversity in spine gourd (Momordica dioica) and many other crops and constructing genetic linkage maps for important agricultural traits. In this study, we have developed Expressed Sequence Tag-Simple Sequence Repeat (EST-SSRs) markers from spine gourd. We mined EST-SSRs from 16,599 (female) and 18,200 (male) spine gourd Expressed Sequence Tags (ESTs) retrieved from the National Centre for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database. Among them 2,386 (female) and 3,008 (male) SSRs were detected following an analysis of the EST sequences and 15 primer pairs were designed for these sequences using the “Primer 3” software. The new SSRs enrich the current marker resources for Momordica dioica and may also be useful for genetic diversity analysis, functional genomics research, and molecular breeding.
Keywords:Spine gourd, Microsatellite, EST-SSRs markers
9. Journal of Cell and Tissue Research 21(1): 7063-7067 (2021)
Vancomycin resistant Enterococci (vre): A challenge to researchers and clinicians
Patel, A. and Vaghasiya, H.
Phoenixville Hospital, 140 Nutt Road, Phoenixville, PA 19460, USA .
Abstract: Enterococcus species are normal flora of the environment and an important constituent of the intestinal microbial environment of healthy humans and animals. Multi drug resistance of enterococci has created a big challenge for clinicians and researchers because of difficulties in the treatment. This review focuses on the comparisons of the existing resistant mechanisms and tries to find out one ultimate mechanism which can use to develop a new therapy. Enterococci infection are easy to treat in past because of their sensitivity to higher antibiotics such as vancomycin. Development of the VRE leads no choice for clinicians to treat infection with the normal flora. This review is also taking into consideration transferability of the Enterococcus which can transfer resistant mechanism and make harder to develop a new therapy. For the development of a new therapy, researchers have to focus on the genetic and molecular aspect of the resistant bacteria.
Key words: Vancomycin, Enterococci, Resistance, VRE
10. Journal of Cell and Tissue Research 21(1): 7069-7076 (2021)
I: Mitochondrial genome characterization of Lycopodium cernuum l.
Kanagara, K., Kanzariya, R., Bhatt, P., Monpara , J., Chudasama, K. and Thaker, V.
Plant Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University,
Rajkot, 360 005, Gujarat, India. E. mail: thakervs@gmail.com, Cell: 096876 92945
Abstract: Lycopodium cernuum is a pteridophyte moss species belonging to the family Lycopodiaceae. It has many medicinal applications and its alkaloids are the focus of many scientific researches. In the present study, we sequenced the mitochondrial genome sequence of Lycopodium cernuum and deposited it in NCBI database with accession number MV602808. The mtDNA length is 118180 bp with GC content of 45.2%. Its mtDNA characters are compared with available closely related species Hyperzia squarrosa from the NCBI database. In comparative characterization difference in size, gene number, tRNAs and GC content was observed. In microsatellite markers characterization of both the mtDNA also showed differences. The phylogenetic relationship of L. cernuum with 26 other related species made using mitochondrial gene COI is also discussed.
Keywords: Lycopodium cernuum, mtDNA, Pteridophyta, Mitochondrial genome
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